Semiconductor Electronic: Material, Devices And Simple Circuits Class 12 Notes Class 12 Notes Chapter 14 1. Metals They possess very low resistivity or high conductivity. ρ ~ 10-2.10-8 Ωm, σ ~102. 108 Sm-1 2. Semiconductors They have resistivity or conductivity intermediate to metals and insulators. ρ ~ 10-5. 106 Ωm, σ ~ 10+5 .10-6 Sm-1 Types of Semiconductors Types of … [Read more...]
Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Class 12 Notes Chapter 9
Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Class 12 Notes Chapter 9 1. Ray Optics or Geometrical Optics In this optics, the light is considered as a ray which travels in a straight line. It states that for each and every object, there is an image. 2. Reflection Reflection is the phenomenon of changing the path of light without any change in the medium. 3. Reflection of Light The … [Read more...]
Communication Systems Class 12 Notes Chapter 15
Communication Systems Class 12 Notes Chapter 15 Topic 1 Communication 1. Communication Communication is the act of transmission and reception of information. 2. Communication System A system comprises of transmitter, communication channel and receiver. A block diagram of a generalised communication system is shown as below: 3. Transmitter It consists of transducer/signal … [Read more...]
Atoms Class 12 Notes Chapter 12
Atoms Class 12 Notes Chapter 12 1. All elements consists of very small invisible particles, called atom. Every atom is a sphere of radius of the order of 10-10 m, in which entire mass is uniformly distributed and negative charged electrons revolve around the nucleus. 2. Experimental arrangement for α-scattering experiment and trajectory followed by α -particles 3. Impact … [Read more...]
Electromagnetic Induction Class 12 Notes Chapter 6
Electromagnetic Induction Class 12 Notes Chapter 6 1. Magnetic Flux The magnetic flux linked with any surface is equal to total number of magnetic lines of force passing normally through it. It is a scalar quantity. 2. The phenomenon of generation of current or emf by changing the magnetic flux is known as Electromagnetic Induction EMI). 3. Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic … [Read more...]