Alternating Current Class 12 Notes Chapter 7 1. Alternating Current (AC) It is the current which varies in both magnitude as well as direction alternatively and periodically. I = I0 sin ωt or I = I0 cosωt where, I0 = peak value or maximum value of AC. 2. Effective Value or rms Value of AC It is defined as the value of AC over a complete cycle which would generate same amount … [Read more...]

Communication Systems Class 12 Notes Chapter 15 Topic 1 Communication 1. Communication Communication is the act of transmission and reception of information. 2. Communication System A system comprises of transmitter, communication channel and receiver. A block diagram of a generalised communication system is shown as below:3. Transmitter It consists of transducer/signal … [Read more...]

Electromagnetic Induction Class 12 Notes Chapter 6 1. Magnetic Flux The magnetic flux linked with any surface is equal to total number of magnetic lines of force passing normally through it. It is a scalar quantity.2. The phenomenon of generation of current or emf by changing the magnetic flux is known as Electromagnetic Induction EMI). 3. Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic … [Read more...]

Semiconductor Electronic: Material, Devices And Simple Circuits Class 12 Notes Class 12 Notes Chapter 14 1. Metals They possess very low resistivity or high conductivity. ρ ~ 10-2.10-8 Ωm, σ ~102. 108 Sm-1 2. Semiconductors They have resistivity or conductivity intermediate to metals and insulators. ρ ~ 10-5. 106 Ωm, σ ~ 10+5 .10-6 Sm-1 Types of Semiconductors Types of … [Read more...]

Magnetism And Matter Class 12 Notes Chapter 5 1. The magnetic dipole moment of a magnetic dipole is given by M = m × 2I where, m is pole strength and 2I is dipole length directed from S to N.The SI unit of magnetic dipole moment is A-m2 or J/T. It is a vector quantity and its direction is from South pole to North pole. 2. Coulomb’s Law in Magnetism Magnitude of force … [Read more...]