Students must start practicing the questions from CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Psychology with Solutions Set 2 are designed as per the revised syllabus.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Psychology Set 2 with Solutions
Time Allowed: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 80
General Instructions :
All questions are compulsory except where internal choice has been given.
- Question Nos. 1 -15 in Section A carry 1 mark each. You are expected to answer them as directed.
- Question Nos. 16-21 in Section B are very short answer type-I questions carrying 2 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 30 words.
- Question Nos. 22-24 in Section C are short answer type-II questions carrying 3 marks each. Answer to each
question should not exceed 60 words. - Question Nos. 25 – 28 in Section D are long answer type questions carrying 4 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 120 words.
- Question Nos. 29-30 in Section E are long answer type questions carrying 6 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 200 words.
- Question Nos. 31-34 in Section F are based on two cases given. Answer to each one-mark question should not exceed 20 words. Answer to each two-mark question should not exceed 30 words.
Section A
Section A consists of 15 questions of 1 mark each
Question 1.
Priyanka is considered as a gifted child who shown early signs of intellectual superiority since childhood, she show larger attention span, good recognition memory, sensitivity to environmental changes, and early appearance of language skills.
What type of traits a gifted child adhered with?
I. Advanced logical thinking (1)
II. High level of intrinsic motivation
III. Solitary academic activities
IV. Passive generalisation Choose the correct option.
(a) I and II
(b) II and III
(c) I, II and III
(d) II and IV
Answer:
(c) I, II and III
Question 2.
The most popular therapy across the world is the Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT). The outcome and effectiveness of CBT, is a short and efficacious treatment for a wide range of psychological disorders. Name the approach that is adopted in the Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT). (1)
(a) Psychological
(b) Bio-psychosocial
(c) Existential
(d) Client-focussed
Answer:
(b) Bio-psychosocial
Question 3.
Which among the following provides us necessary information that may be used to change, modify, or strengthen certain aspects of self? (1)
(a) Self-instruction
(b) Self-reinforcement
(c) Observation of others’ behaviour
(d) Observation of own behaviour
Answer:
(d) Observation of own behaviour
Question 4.
Sumitra Devi, a 79 year old retired school teacher was facing several mental problems, such as she was not able to recognise her own relatives and at times longer silences. However she was reluctant to visit any psychiatrist out of shame, though alter repeatedly insistence, she agreed to visit. Which among the following is a component of Therapeutic relationship? (1)
I. Conditional positive regard
II. Unconditional positive regard
III.Permanent in nature
IV. None of the above Choose the correct option.
(a) I and II
(b) II and III
(c) I, II and III
(d) II and IV
Answer:
(b) II and III
Question 5.
Nishikanthas done his Masters Computer Science from IIT Kharagpur. Most of the time when people asks for any help he proudly describes about himself how intelligent and hard-working he is and also gives career guidance. What are the characteristics of personal identity? (1)
I. Multiple similarity
II. Similar with others
III. Performance attributes
IV. Personal attributes Choose the correct option.
(a) I and II
(b) II and IV
(c) I, II and III
(d) I, II and IV
Answer:
(d) I, II and IV
Question 6.
In the following question, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of the Reason (R). Mark the correct choice. (1)
Assertion (A) Social behaviour is a necessary part of human life, and being social means much more than merely being in the company of others.
Reason (R) Because of social influences, people form views, or attitudes about people, and about different issues in life, that exist in the form of behavioural tendencies.
Codes
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A)
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A)
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true
Answer:
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A)
Question 7.
The person may complain that an arm or a leg has become paralysed is sign of (1)
(a) Dissociative disorder
(b) Panic disorder
(c) Mood disorder
(d) Conversion disorder
Answer:
(d) Conversion disorder
Question 8.
Rubeena is considered poor in studies and her sports activities are also low. However her parents has been told by the teachers that her success in life is not associated with …….
(a) Personality
(b) High Test Score
(c) Intelligence Test Score
(d) Cognitive Performance Test
Answer:
(c) Intelligence Test Score
Question 9.
In the following question, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of the Reason (R). Mark the correct choice. (1) Assertion (A) When you say, “I know who I am”, the self is being described as a knower as well as something that can be known.
Reason (R) As a subject (actor) the self actively engages in the process of knowing itself. As an object (consequence) the self gets observed and comes to be known.
Codes
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A)
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A)
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true
Answer:
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A)
Question 10.
Which movement is given credit for the growth of a scientific attitude towards psychological disorders in the eighteenth century? (1)
(a) Psychological Movement
(b) Reform Movement
(c) Infrastructural Development
(d) Industrial Development
Answer:
(b) Reform Movement
Question 11.
Among the given options, the signs of stress includes …….. and ……… which if left
unresolved, might have serious implications.
I. frequent and long sleep (1)
II. lack of concentration
III. emotional stubbornness
IV. memory loss Choose the correct option.
(a) I and II
(b) II and III
(c) I, II and III
(d) II and IV
Answer:
(d) II and IV
Question 12.
This therapy focuses on the actions and thoughts of the client in the present. The past is relevant only to the extent of understanding the origins of the faulty behaviour and thought patterns. Name the therapy used by therapist in psychological studies. (1)
I. Behaviour Therapy
II. Active Therapy
III. Integrative Therapy
IV. Clinical Therapy Choose the correct option.
(a) Only I
(b) II and III
(c) I, II and III
(d) I, II and IV
Answer:
(a) Only I
Question 13.
The feature which refers to the number of attributes within a broader attitude is (1)
(a) Valence
(b) Multiplexity
(c) Centrality
(d) Extremeness
Answer:
(b) Multiplexity
Question 14.
Which among the following is one of the end resultant effect through the addictive meal behaviour? (1)
(a) Hallucination
(b) Obesity
(c) Phobia
(d) Low BMI
Answer:
(b) Obesity
Question 15.
Vinita has 9-5 job in a multi-national company and two children to take care of. She passionately does her job and also helps her kids in doing homework and practical. Now she feels and getting tired and planning to do work from home. Name the stimulus event that disturbs and exceeds a person’s ability to cope. (1)
(a) Strength
(b) Stress
(c) Strain
(d) Disorder
Answer:
(b) Stress
Section B
Section B consists of 6 questions of 2 marks each
Question 16.
Define panic disorder. (2)
Answer:
Panic disorder consists of recurrent anxiety attacks in which the person experiences intense terror. A panic attack denotes an abrupt surge of intense anxiety rising to a peak when thoughts of a particular stimuli are present.
Question 17.
One day while driving home, Deb felt his heart beating rapidly, he started sweating profusely, and even felt short of breath. He was so scared that he stopped the car and stepped out. Identify the type of disorder he is suffering. (2)
Answer:
Deb is suffering from anxiety disorder, which is usually defined as a diffuse, vague, very unpleasant feeling of fear and apprehension. The other common symptoms includes rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, diarrhoea, loss of appetite, fainting, dizziness, sweating, sleeplessness, frequent urination and tremors.
Question 18.
Raman is known for his ability to solve and sort out various problems using his past experiences creatively. It is also reflected in creative performance. Name the skills persons like him, high on this aspect and how quickly they find out solution in a given situation. (2)
Or
Gautam is very sensitive about his feelings and emotions. He also controls his emotions and expressions while dealing with self and others. Name the other two traits of Emotionally Intelligent Person. (2)
Answer:
Experimental/Creative intelligence is involved in using past experiences creatively to solve novel problems. It is an ability which integrate different experiences in an original way. Persons included in this types of intelligence quickly find out the information which is crucial in given situation.
Or
The othertwo traits of Emotionally Intelligent Person are » Perceive and be sensitive to various types of emotions in others by noting their body language, voice and tone, and facial expressions. Understanding the powerful influence of the nature 1 and intensity of one’s own and other’s emotions.
Question 19.
How does messaging play a role in bringing about attitude change? (2)
Answer:
The message is the information that is presented in order to bring about an attitude change. Attitudes will change when the amount of information that is given about the topic is just enough, neither too much nor too little. Whether the message contains a rational or an emotional appeal, also makes a difference.
Question 20.
How several aspects of self, linked to the characteristic features of the culture? (2)
Answer:
There are several aspects of self that linked to the characteristic features of the culture. Analysis of self, carried out in the Indian cultural context reveals a number of important features that are distinct from those found in the Western cultural context. The most important distinction between the Indian and the Western views is the way the boundary is drawn between the self and the other. In the Western view, this boundary appears to be relatively fixed.
Question 21.
What is linguistic intelligence? (2)
Answer:
Linguistic intelligence is the capacity to use language fluently and flexibly to express one’s thinking and understand others. Persons included in this type of intelligence are ‘word-smart’ i.e. they are sensitive to different shades of word meanings, can articulate and can create linguistic images in their mind.
Section C
Section C consists of 3 questions of 3 marks each
Question 22.
Sangeeta is someone, who is afraid to travel in a lift or climb to the tenth floor of a building, even she refuse to enter a room she saw a lizard. Moreover she also unable to speak a word of a well-memorised and rehearsed speech before an audience. What do we call such abnormal behaviour? (3)
Answer:
The abnormal behaviour of Sangeeta is termed as phobias. It is an extreme, irrational fear of a specific object or situation. A phobia is classified as a type of anxiety disorder, since anxiety is the chief symptom experienced by the sufferer. Phobias are thought to be learned emotional responses.
People who have phobias have irrational fears related to specific objects, people or situations. Phobias often develop gradually or begin with a generalised anxiety disorder. Phobias can be grouped into three main types i.e. specific phobias, social phobias and agoraphobia.
Question 23.
Name the three factors that contributes to the treatment of psychological distress. (1 x 3 = 3)
Answer:
Three factors that contributes to the treatment of psychological distress are as follows.
- A major factor in the healing is the techniques adopted by the therapist and the implementation of the same with the patient/client.
- The therapeutic alliance, which is formed between the therapist and the patient/client, has healing ‘ properties, because of the regular availability of the therapist, and the warmth and empathy provided by; the therapist.
- At the outset of therapy while the patient/client is being interviewed in the initial sessions to understand the nature of the problem, she/he ; unburdens the emotional problems being faced.
Question 24.
Om Prakash a Passport issuing officer is known as a corrupt and greedy government employee. He treats people according to his/her capacity to pay him bribe to get their work done. When there is some external pressure, he surprisingly works honestly. Explain how consistency in behaviour, thought and emotion of an individual across situations and across time periods characterises her/his personality.
Or
Sandra, a 20 year old Medical student is described as kind, caring and loyal and prefers watching movies and reading rather than going out to a party. Sandra, a 20 year old Medical student is described as kind, caring and loyal and prefers watching movies and reading rather than going out to a party. Sandra works hard, studying Medicine at university and volunteers to help children with autism. What types of characteristics and features she adhere? (3)
Answer:
In psychological terms, personality refers to our characteristic ways of responding to individuals and situations. People do show variations in their behaviour. As we can see in the personality traits of Om Prakash, who treats people differently on the basis of their capacity. One is not always cautious or impulsive, shy or friendly. Personality characterises individuals as they appear in most circumstances.
For example, an honest person is more likely to remain honest irrespective of time or situation. However, situational variations in behaviour do occur as they help individuals in adapting to their environmental circumstances. Therefore consistency in behaviour, thought and emotion of an individual across situations and across time periods characterises her/his personality.
Or
Sandra basically adheres or occupies a term called ‘personality’. In psychological terms, personality refers to our characteristic ways of responding to individuals and situations. In this case, an individual, like Sandra’s charming and helping nature personality appeared, people can easily describe about her the way she responds to various situations.
However for a layperson, personality generally refers to the physical or external appearance of an individual. For example, when we find someone beautiful, we considers that person also has healthy and positive personality as it is based on superficial impressions, which may not be correct. Understanding the personalities of people help us to predict their behaviour in varied circumstances. It also helps us to deal with people in better and acceptable ways.
Section D
Section D consists of 4 questions of 4 marks each
Question 25.
Identify the four significant features of attitude. (1 x 4 = 4)
Answer:
Four significant features of attitudes are as follows:
- Valence The valence of an attitude tells us whether an attitude is positive or negative towards the attitude object. For example, on a 5-point scale, Rating Scale, I ranging from 1 (Very bad) to 5 (Very good), if an individual rates her/his view towards nuclear research as 4 or 5, this is clearly a positive attitude. On the other hand, if the rating is 1 or 2, the attitude is negative.
- Extremeness The extremeness of an attitude indicates how positive or negative an attitude of a
person is. Giving very good or very bad in the 5-point rating consider as extremeness in attitude. - Simplicity or Complexity This feature refers to how many attitudes there are within a broader attitude.
- Centrality:
This refers to the role of a particular attitude in the attitude system.
An attitude with greater centrality would influence the other attitudes in the system much more than non-central (or peripheral) attitudes would.
Question 26.
Kanika now the day stopped going to school and locked himself in a room and in case
asking about the issue he repeatedly states that she knows that she is going to fail in the term exams and someone is constantly trying to let her down in future. Identify the kind of psychological trauma Kanika is going through and how many types of stress people experiences? (4)
Answer:
Kanika is facing stress in her daily routine life. The common symptoms of stress can be physical, emotional and behavioural. Any of the symptoms can indicate a degree of stress which, if left unresolved, might have serious implications. There are three major types of stress.
These are as follows:
- Physical and Environmental Stress:
These are demands that change the state of our body. We feel strained when we overexert ourselves physically, lack a nutritious diet, suffer an injury, or fail to get enough sleep. - Psychological Stress:
These are stresses that we generate ourselves in our minds. These are personal and unique to the person experiencing them and are internal sources of stress. - Social Stress:
These are induced externally and result from our interaction with other people. Social events like death or illness in the family, strained relationships, trouble with neighbours are some examples of social stresses.
Question 27.
Define any four Big Five Factors of Personality. (1 x 4 = 4)
Answer:
Four Big Five Factors of Personality include
- Agreeable This factor characteries people who cares about others, feels empathy, enjoys helping others.
- Conscientiousness It characteries person with high levels of thoughtfulness, good impulse control, goal-directed behaviours.
- Neuroticism It characteries people who are emotionally unstable, anxious, worried, fearful, etc.
- Extraversion It characteries people who has sociability, assertiveness, and high amounts of emotional expressiveness.
Question 28.
Lovelen and Jadon are just briefed by their organisation to get enrolled to participate in the upcoming IQ test Kohs Block Test, where a number of wooden blocks to be arranged by the candidates. How IQ test is designed in Kohs Block Test? (4)
Or
Tina in her childhood mostly expressed her creativity through physical activities and in non-verbal ways. In the later years, she fully developed her creativity through verbal modes too. How creativity can be defined?
Answer:
The Kohs Block Test, also known as the Kohs Block Design Test, is a performance test designed to be an IQ Test. It includes, 16 coloured cubes, replicate the patterns displayed on a series of test cards. A major advantage of performance tests is that they can be easily administered to persons from different cultures. The IQ Test designed as a way that could easily be administered to persons with language or hearing disabilities. The IQ technique is used for psychodiagnostics, the results of which determine mental abilities and personality traits of a person.
Or
In psychological terms, the creativity can be described as an ability to produce original and unique thoughts, ideas and possibilities, to help solve problems, aid in communication and can also be a form of entertainment.
According to literature, children begin to develop their imagination during the early years of childhood but they express creativity mostly through physical activities and in non-verbal ways. When language and intellectual functions are fully developed and store of knowledge is adequately available, creativity is expressed through verbal modes too.
Those who are outstanding in their creativity may give an indication about the direction in which their creativity lies through their self-chosen activities. In some cases, however, opportunities need to be provided before they can manifest their hidden potential for creativity.
Section E
Section E consists of 2 questions 6 marks
Question 29.
What is the meaning of group? Write five stages of group formation. (1+5)
Or
Describe influence of group on individual behaviour. (6)
Answer:
A group may be defined as an organised system of two or more interdependent individuals, who have common motives and norms to regulate the behaviour of its members. Tuckman suggested five stages of group formation. These are as follows
- Forming:
When group members meet for first time, a kind of uncertainty is created for achieving group goals. People try to know each other and assess whether they will fit in or not.
There is excitement as well as apprehensions. This stage is called the forming stage. - Storming:
After forming stage, there is a stage of intragroup conflict which is referred to as storming. In this stage, there is conflict among members about target, process, performance and control resources. When this stage is complete, some sort of hierarchy of leadership in the group develops. - Norming:
The storming stage is followed by another stage known as norming. Group members by this time develop norms related to group behaviour. This leads to development of a positive group identity. - Performing:
By this stage, the structure of the group has evolved and is accepted by group members. The group moves towards achieving the group goal. For some groups, this may be the last stage of group development. - Adjourning:
In this stage, once the function is over, the group may be disbanded. However, all groups do not always proceed from one stage to the next n same manner.
Or
The groups are powerful as they are able to influence the behaviour of individuals. Influence of group on individual behaviour are as follows:
1. Social Loafing:
Social facilitation research suggests that presence of others leads to arousal and can motivate individuals to enhance their performance if they are already good at solving something. This phenomenon has been demonstrated in many group of male students to clap or cheer as loudly as possible because they wanted to know how much noise people make in social settings. The result revealed that although the total amount of noise rose up, the amount of noise produced by each participant dropped.
2. Group Polarisation:
Groups show another tendency referred to as group polarisation. It has been found that groups are more likely to take extreme decisions than individuals alone. Group polarisation focuses on how groups usually make decisions that are more extreme than the original thoughts and views of the individual team members. For example, suppose you favour capital punishment for heinous crimes and you were interacting this issue with like-minded people. After this interaction, your views may become stronger.
Question 30.
Write major kind of Psychotherapies. What ary the principles of Humanistic Existential Theraphy based. (3+3)
Or
Define Psychotherapy. Write factors that are responsible for healing in Psychotherapy. (2+4)
Answer:
The different types of Psychotherapies are
- Behaviour:
Therapy Behaviour therapies postulate that psychological distress arises because of faulty behaviour patterns or thought patterns. It is, therefore, focused on the behaviour and thoughts of the client in the present. Treatment of phobias or excessive and crippling fears would require the use of one set of techniques while that of anger outbursts would require another. A depressed client would be treated differently from a client who is anxious. - Cognitive:
Therapy Cognitive therapies locate the cause of psychological distress in irrational thoughts and beliefs. Albert Ellis formulated the Rational Emotive Therapy (RET). - Humanistic-Existential:
Therapy The humanistic- existential therapies claims that psychological distress arises from feelings of loneliness, alienation and an inability to find meaning and genuine fulfilment in life.
Principles of Humanistic-Existential Theraphy:
The humanistic-existential therapy works on the principle of self-actualisation. Self-actualisation requires free emotional expression. The family and society curb emotional expression, as it is feared that a free expression of emotions can harm society by unleashing destructive forces.
Or
Psychotherapy is a voluntary relationship between the client (patient) and the therapist. The purpose of the relationship is to help the client to solve the psychological problems being faced by her or him. There are several factors which contribute to the healing process.
Some of these factors are as follows:
- A major factor in the healing is the techniques adopted by the therapist and the implementation of the same with the patient/ client, if the behavioural system and the CBT school are adopted to heal an anxious client, the relaxation procedures and the cognitive restructuring largely contribute to the healing.
- The therapeutic alliance, which is formed between the therapist and the patient/’client, has healing properties, because of the regular availability of the therapist and the warmth and empathy provided by the therapist.
- At the outset of therapy while the patient/client is being interviewed in the initial sessions to understand the nature of the problem, she/he unburdens the emotional problems being faced.
Section F
Section F consists of 2 Case based questions of 3 marks each
Read the case and answer the questions that follow.
Very often people who have been caught in a natural disaster (such as Tsunami) or have been victims of bomb blasts by terrorists, or been in a serious accident or in a war-related situation, experience Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Its symptoms vary widely but may include recurrent dreams, flashbacks, impaired concentration and emotional numbing.
Somatic symptom disorder involves a person having persistent body-related symptoms which may or may not be related to any serious medical condition. People with this disorder tend to be overly pre-occupied with their symptoms and they continually worry about their health and make frequent visits to doctors. As a result, they experience significant distress and disturbances in their daily life.
Question 31.
What do you understand by the term ‘PTSD’? Cite some of the characteristics of it. (1)
Answer:
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that is triggered by a terrifying event either experiencing it or witnessing it. Some of the important characteristics of the post- traumatic stress disorder are flashbacks, nightmares and severe anxiety, as well as uncontrollable thoughts about the event.
Question 32.
Describe the two types of disorder that includes in the somatic symptom and related disorders. (2)
Answer:
The two types of disorders that includes in the somatic symptom and related disorders are
- Illness Anxiety Disorder:
It develops persistant pre-occupation about a serious illness and constantly worrying about it. - Conversion Disorder:
The symptoms of conversion disorders are the reported loss of part or all of basic body functions. Paralysis, blindness, deafness and difficulty in walking are some basic symptoms of conversion disorder.
Read the case and answer the questions that follow.
Componential intelligence has three components, each serving a different function. First is the knowledge acquisition component, which is responsible for learning and acquisition of the ways of doing things. The second is the meta or a higher order component, which involves planning concerning what to do and how to do. The third is the performance component, which,involves actually doing things. On the other hand, experiential or creative intelligence is involved in using past experiences creatively to solve novel problems. It is reflected in creative performance. Persons high on this aspect integrate different experiences in an original way to make new discoveries and inventions.
Question 33.
What do you understand by componential or analytical intelligence? (1)
Answer:
Componential or analytical intelligence is the analysis of information to solve problems. Persons high on this ability think analytically and critically and succeed in, schools. It also includes a person’s ability to successfully complete academic tasks, solve analogies and process information.
Question 34.
Who proposed the Triarchic Theory of Intelligence? Explain with its basic components. (1+1)
Answer:
The Triarchic Theory of intelligence was proposed by Robert Sternberg in the 1985s. The theory attempts to understand the human ( intelligence in terms of distinct components rather than a single ability. According to this theory, intelligence is composed of three basic components, analytical, creative and practical intelligence.