Students must start practicing the questions from CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Psychology with Solutions Set 10 are designed as per the revised syllabus.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Psychology Set 10 with Solutions
Time Allowed: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 80
General Instructions :
All questions are compulsory except where internal choice has been given.
- Question Nos. 1 -15 in Section A carry 1 mark each. You are expected to answer them as directed.
- Question Nos. 16-21 in Section B are very short answer type-I questions carrying 2 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 30 words.
- Question Nos. 22-24 in Section C are short answer type-II questions carrying 3 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 60 words.
- Question Nos. 25 – 28 in Section D are long answer type questions carrying 4 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 120 words.
- Question Nos. 29-30 in Section E are long answer type questions carrying 6 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 200 words.
- Question Nos. 31-34 in Section F are based on two cases given. Answer to each one-mark question should not exceed 20 words. Answer to each two-mark question should not exceed 30 words.
Section A
Section A consists of 15 questions of 1 mark each
Question 1.
Nirupama is considered as multi-talented student in her school. She is interested in painting and also learning classical dance. Despite of the fact his father’s frequent transfer, she manage to adjust and reorganise herself into new places. Explain the type of personality Nirupama gifted with.
(a) Intellectual Giftedness
(b) Special Ability Giftedness
(c) Imaginative Giftedness
(d) Learning Giftedness
Answer:
(a) Intellectual Giftedness
Question 2.
Mullica, a small town girl from Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh has come to Delhi for better job and future opportunity. She has visualised her biggest ambition to own a home and with that regard she does saving every month. Identify the traits of her. (1)
(a) Source Traits
(b) Secondary Traits
(c) Surface Traits
(d) Cardinal Traits
Answer:
(d) Cardinal Traits
Question 3.
Vaishali is an independent girl who is least bothered about her age and decided to remain unmarried and just focus on career. Her parents however get worried about daughter’s choices and try to convince her other way. Identify the type of stress must have on Vaishali. (1)
(a) Individual Stress
(b) Social Stress
(c) Psychological Stress
(d) Family Stress
Answer:
(b) Social Stress
Question 4.
Which among the following is not a part of Ethics in Psychotherapy? (1)
(a) Consent
(b) Socio-economic
(c) Confidentiality
(d) Integrity
Answer:
(b) Socio-economic
Question 5.
In the following question, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of the Reason (R). Mark the correct option. (1)
Assertion (A) Individuals with ODD do not see themselves as angry, oppositional, or defiant and often justify their behaviour as reaction to circumstances/demands.
Reason (R) In case of specific learning disorder, the individual experiences easy in perceiving or processing information efficiently and accurately.
Codes
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A)
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A)
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true
Answer:
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false
Question 6.
Heena has decided to purchase an attractive e-Scooter after read the news that Indian Government provides huge subsidy under the FAME scheme in the Electric vehicle category. This attitude based on sufficient information about the environment is called as ……… attitude (1)
(a) positive
(b) passive
(c) cognitive
(d) non-cognilive
Answer:
(c) cognitive
Question 7.
Roger in his Client-centred therapy combined scientific rigour with the individualised practice of client-centred psychotherapy. Which two concepts put forth by Rogers as the core of one’s being? (1)
I. We
II. Self
III. With freedom
IV. Choice Choose the correct option.
(a) Only I
(b) II and III
(c) I, II and IV
(d) II, III and IV
Answer:
(d) II, III and IV
Question 8.
Kelly have marked difficulties in social interaction and communication with her friends and family. She rarely goes for family gathering or party as mostly refuses by saying she has several assignments to complete. She basically follows a strict routine life. Name the disorder she is facing.
(a) Specific psychological disorder
(b) Specific spectrum disorder
(c) Common spectrum disorder
(d) Autism spectrum disorder
Answer:
(d) Autism spectrum disorder
.
Question 9.
Savita, an engineer in IT firm and a mother of two, raised her children without any luxury and pampering. Although she becomes happy and motivates her children to perform better and achieve higher in life but never gets over-excited or fulfils all demands. Among the following …….. is not the attributes/characteristics
of Emotionnally Intelligent Person. (1)
Answer:
(a) Perceive and sensitive
(b) Sensible facial expressions
(c) Emotional influence
(d) Regulated emotions
Answer:
(c) Emotional influence
Question 10.
This type of trait refers to the role of a particular attitude in the attitude system. An attitude with this would influence the other attitudes in the system much more than any other attitudes would. It is called ….. (1)
(a) Peripheral attitude
(b) Positive and negative attitude
(c) Submissive attitude
(d) Centrality attitude
Answer:
(d) Centrality attitude
Question 11.
Galen elaborated on the role of four humors in personal character and temperament. According to him, the material world is made up of four elements. (1)
(a) Earth, air, sky, water
(b) Earth, fire, sky, water
(c) Earth, air, fire, water ,
(d) Earth, sky, air, fire
Answer:
(c) Earth, air, fire, water ,
Question 12.
In the following question, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of the Reason (R). Mark the correct option. (1)
Assertion (A) Everyone has their own pattern of stress response. Therefore the warning signs may vary, according to their intensity.
Reason (R) There could be a number of causes of frustration such as , social discrimination, interpersonal hurt, low grades in school, etc.
Codes
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true
and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A)
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true
Answer:
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A)
Question 13.
Repeated association of undersired response with an aversive consequence refers to (1)
(a) Positive reinforcement
(b) Aversive conditioning
(c) Negative reinforcement
(d) Modelling
Answer:
(b) Aversive conditioning
Question 14.
Which among the following is considers as the ‘third dimension’ that became base for ‘Eysenck Personality Questionnaire’? (1)
(a) Psychoticism vs. Neuroticism
(b) Psychoticism vs. Sociability
(c) Agreeableness vs. Non-Agreeableness
(d) Openness vs. Closeness
Answer:
(b) Psychoticism vs. Sociability
Question 15.
Identify among the following illicit substance that delivers extraordinary performance and excitement but repeated and high doses, may lead to a state of increasing irritability, restlessness and paranoia. (1)
I. Cocaine
II. Heroin
III. Alcohol
IV Combination of heroin and alcohol Choose the correct option.
(a) Only I
(b) II and III
(c) I, II and IV
(d) II and IV
Answer:
(a) Only I
Section B
Section B consists of 6 questions of 2 marks each
Question 16.
Rasika is just 9 year old girl but became more stubborn and disobedient. Being an only child raised in a pampered way and therefore she rarely obeys or respect the elders. Identify and define the disorder Rasika has. (2)
Answer:
Rasika is suffering from Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) where a person display age-inappropriate amounts of stubbornness, irritable, defiant, disobedient and behave in a hostile manner. Individuals with ODD often justify their behaviour as reaction to circumstances/demands.
Question 17.
Yashwant Lai, a Central Government employee has just retired from services at the age of 60. He seems quite satisfied as he was telling his former colleagues that he has achieved what he has desired for and therefore will settle in his ancestral village. Identify and define the personality. (2)
Answer:
Yashwant Lai is experiencing the stage or personality of self-actualisation. It is a state that propounded by Maslow, in which people have reached their own fullest potential. Maslow reiterates the optimistic and positive view of man in self-actualisation who has the potentialities for love, joy and to do creative work.
Question 18.
Saniya and Priyanka are the same batchmate in the Film and Dance Academy where they both are aspiring and equally good performers. However there is always a sense of bitter rivalry and fierce competition visible in their performances. What would be the possible cause of stress between them? (2)
Answer:
Saniya and Priyanka must be influenced under the stress called conflict. The occurrence of conflicts may be between two or more incompatible needs or motives, e.g. whether to study, dance or psychology. One may want to continue studies or take up a job. There may be a conflict of values when one is pressurised to take any action that may be against the values held by the same person.
Question 19.
What are life skills? (2)
Or
Explain the term called ‘Electra Complex’. (2)
Answer:
Life skills are abilities for adaptive and positive behaviour that enable individuals to deal effectively with the demands and challenges of everyday life. These skills encompass a wide range of areas including personal, social, academic and emotional domains.
Or
The term Electra Complex is also known as the Oedipus complex. In this condition, girl symbolically attach her loye to the father and then a girl tries to imaginatively cdmpete with mother. When she realises that this is unlikely, she begins to idealise with her mother and copy her behaviour as a means of getting her father’s affection.
Question 20.
What is a situational test? (2)
Answer:
Situational tests provide information on how a person behaves under stressful situations. The tests involve role plays for which the selling could be realistic or created through a video play.
Question 21.
Define unstructured interview. (2)
Answer:
In unstructured interviews, the interviewer seeks to develop an impression about a person by asking a number of questions. This approach allows fora deeper understanding of the interview’s thought, feeling and experiences as it encourages them to provide detailed and personalised responses.
Section C
Section C consists of 3 questions of 3 marks each
Question 22.
Apoorva once a charming and talkative girl, is now suffering from serious mental illness due to past traumatic experiences of losing both the parents and brother in a plane crash. Her Maternal uncle is now taking care and also visiting psychiatrist for treatment. Identify and explain the treatment Apoorva requires here. (3)
Answer:
The condition of Apoorva indicates that she requires .biomedical treatment which is best suitable for her in overcoming from the past traumatic experiences. The Biomedical Therapy includes medicines that may be prescribed to treat psychological disorders.
Prescription of medicines for treatment of mental disorder by qualified medical professionals known as psychiatrists. They are medical doctors who have specialised in the understanding, diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders. The nature of medicines used depends on the nature of the disorders.
Question 23.
Rajiv Khanna, an ambitious entrepreneur has inaugurated a new building of Rehabilitation for Psychiatrist patients in D0lhi. It was his pet project as he himself lost her elder sister due to schizophrenia. What is the importance of rehabilitation in psychotherapy? (3)
Answer:
Rehabilitation in psychotherapy is the process to provide support , and assistance to those who have disability due to injury or illness. Rehabilitation psychologists, often within teams, assess and treat cognitive, emotional, and functional difficulties, and help people to overcome barriers to participation in life activities.
The purpose of rehabilitative psychotherapy is to improve rehabilitation clients’ ability to work and functionality and to help them progress in their studies, remain economically active, or enter or return to working life.
Question 24.
Lasika is nowadays getting mild treatment as sjie was diagnosed with few mental disorder. Her therapist is so understanding and cordial that Lasika shares with each and, everything to her whatever feelings arises. Explain how empathy is prerequisite for client-therapist relationship. (3)
Or
What are the major causes of Hallucination? (3)
Answer:
Empathy is called as the unconditional positive regard which the therapist has for the client. Empathy is different from sympathy and intellectual understanding of another person’s situation. It can be understood through this method that empathy is present when one is able to understand the plight of another person, and feel like the other person.
It means understanding things from the other person’s perspective, i.e. putting oneself in the other person’s shoes. Empathy enriches the therapeutic relationship and transforms it into a healing relationship.
Or
A Hallucination can be defined as an event where someone senses something that it isn’t actually exists. Instead, it is an outcome or created by the mind. Hallucinations have many different causes, including psychotic disorders like schizophrenia, medical conditions such as dementia, and substance abuse. People with bipolar disorder can also experience Hallucinations during a manic episode, as can individuals with psychotic depression. In depressed individuals, their Hallucinations are often related to their depressive feelings.
Section D
Section D consists of 4 questions of 4 marks each
Question 25.
Explain the concept of Intelligence Quotient (IQ) in psychology. (4)
Or
What is simultaneous processing and how it is different from successive processing? (4)
Answer:
The concept of Intelligence Quotient (IQ) in psychology is a method to quantify one’s intelligence level. In 1912, William Stern, a German psychologist, devised the concept of Intelligence Quotient (IQ). IQ refers to mental age divided by chronological age, and multiplied by 100.
The IQ scores are distributed in the population in such a way that the scores of most people tend to fall in the middle range of the distribution. Only a few people have either very high or very low scores. The frequency distribution for the IQ scores tends to approximate a bell-shaped curve, called the normal curve. This type of distribution is symmetrical around the central value, called the mean.
Value Points:
Forgetting maximum marks, following value points can be included in the answer .
- Mention about the evolution of the concept of Intelligent Quotient (IQ)
- Explain about distribution of IQ scores
Or
The simultaneous processing takes place when a person perceive the relations among various concepts and integrate them into a meaningful pattern for comprehension. Simultaneous processing helps you in grasping the meaning and relationship between the given abstract figures.
The simultaneous processing is certainly helpful to accomplish tasks where the focus is on solving problems where the objective of the task demands conceptualisation of parts into a cohesive as a whole.
On the other hand, successive processing takes place when one remember all the information serially so that the recall of one leads to the recall of another. Learning of digits, alphabets, multiplication tables, etc are examples of Successive processing.
Question 26.
Kanika is IAS Aspirant who stay in Old Rajinder Nagar, Delhi. She is preparing for the Civil Services for last three years. She is duly determined that take cares for self and also takes all precautionary things. Surprisingly her immunity system also supports her against diseases and infection and also mental pressure. Name and explain the condition or traits Kanika has. (4)
Answer:
Kanika has a psychological stage called Homeostasis that refers to psychological and physiological balance achieved when one’s needs and desires have been met. Homeostasis can be referred as the inclination of the human body to seek as well as maintain balance, stability, and equilibrium so that it is functioning at an optimal level.
In homeostasis, the individual’s body attempts to regulate itself by meeting basic needs and restoring the desirted equilibrium to achieve homeostasis. Furthermore, homeostasis refers to a balanced equilibrium for both physiological and psychological states. Many homeostatic processes are physiological and automatic, e.g. maintenance of body temperature, adequate supply of nutrition for growth and maintenance of the body and so on. Any type of deficiency can create imbalance in the organism and this imbalance leads to a state of disequilibrium.
Question 27.
What do you understand by Archetypes in psychology? (4)
Answer:
Archetype refers to the meaning of a sample or example. However, it carries a special meaning in psychology. Carl Jung was instrumental and presented psychological Archetype, as a pattern or a set of features, which can be used to signify a typical human experience and emotion.
The God or the Mother Earth is a good example of Archetypes. They are found in myths, dreams and arts of all mankind. Jung held that self-strives for unity and oneness. It is an Archetype that is expressed in many ways.
Archetypes describe our subconscious natures, such as dreams. These dreams can describe mythical stories and sacred images, and can represent the information that we may have obtained from our primordial ancestors. Archetype is present in all people according to Jung’s theory.
Question 28.
Ishant and Jishant are brothers and studies in the same school but belongs to different Cultural Houses. They most of the time discuss positive aspects of their respective Houses and criticise the others. Define various strategies for handling prejudices. (4)
Answer:
Houses. Prejudices are examples of attitudes towards a particular group. They are usually negative and in many cases, may be based on stereotypes about the specific group.
- The first step in handling prejudice is to know about its causes or sources. Thus, the strategies for handling prejudice would be effective if they aim at
- Minimising opportunities for learning prejudices.
- Changing prejudice attitudes.
- De-emphasising a narrow social identity based on the ingroup.
- Discouraging the tendency towards self-fulfilling prophecy among the victims of prejudice.
- These goals can be accomplished through
- Education and information dissemination, for correcting stereotypes related to specific target groups and tackling the problem of a strong ingroup bias.
- Increasing intergroup contact allows for direct communication, removal of mistrust between the groups and even discovery of positive qualities in the outgroup.
Section E
Section E consists of 2 question of 6 marks each
Question 29.
Discuss reasons for occurrence of social loafing. Also identify measures to reduce it.
Or
What are the different purposes of group formation? (6)
Answer:
- Some reasons for the occurring of social loafing are:
- Group members feel less responsible for the overall task being performed and therefore exert less effort.
- Motivation of members decreases because they realise that their contributions will not be evaluated on individual basis.
- The performance of the group is not to be compared with other groups.
- There is an improper coordination (or no coordination) among members.
- Belonging to the same group is not important for members. It is only an aggregate of individuals.
- Some measures to reduce social loafing are
- Making the efforts of each person identifiable.
- Increasing the pressure to work hard (making group members committed to successful task performance).
- Increasing the apparent importance or value of a task.
- Making people feel that their individual contribution is important.
- Strengthening group cohesiveness which increases the motivation for successful group outcome.
Or
The group formation has certain objectives and purposes such as task achievement, problem-solving,
proximity or other socio-psychological requirem ents. The basic purpose of group formation is the achievement
of certain objectives through task performance.
Some of these purposes are as follows:
1. Task Achievement:
Individuals come closer in order to understand the tasks and decide on the procedures of performance. In any organisation, task accomplishment is the reason for which different groups such as an engineering group; marketing group, foreman’s group and personnel group are formed for achievement of the organisations’ goals. When an organisation faces some procedural difficulties, concerned groups discuss them and evolve new techniques of production, marketing and other functions.
2. Problem Solving:
When people foresee or face certain problems, they unite to solve the problems. Unity has strength. A group provides strength to members who are willing to challenge any problem. Group behaviour gives more strength to solve the problems.
3. Socio-Psychological:
Factors Sentiments and action-uniformities bring people closer. People cooperate with members of the group on social as well as economic grounds to reach satisfactory levels. People form groups basically for activities, interaction and due to sentiments. People living in proximity frequently discuss their problems.
Question 30.
Describe how the attribution form by an ‘actor’ would be different from that of an ‘observer’. (6)
Or “Groupthink have no tradition of considering alternatives, and that face a decision with high costs or failures”. Examine this statement with relevant example. (6)
Answer:
A distinction is also found between the attribution that a person makes for her/ his own positive and negative experiences (actor-role), and the attribution made for another person’s positive and negative experiences (observer-role). This is called the actor-observer effect. Fot example, if you yourself get good marks in a test, you will attribute it to your own ability or hard work (actor-role, internal attribution for a positive experience). If you get bad marks, you will say that this was, because you were unlucky, or that the test was too difficult (actor-role, external attribution for a negative experience).
On the other hand, if one of your classmates gets good marks in the test, you will attribute her/his success to good luck or an easy test (observer-role, external -attribution for. positive experience). If the same classmate gets bad marks, you are likely to say that her/his failure was because of low ability or lack of effort (observer-role, internal attribution for negative experience). The basic reason for the difference between the actor and observer roles is that people want to have a nice image of themselves, as compared to others.
Or
Groupthink is characterised by the appearance of consensus or unanimous agreement within a group. Each member believes that all members agree upon a particular decision or a policy. No one expresses
differing opinion because each person believes it would undermine the connection of the group and she/he would be unpopular.
Groupthink is likely to occur in socially homogenous, cohesive groups that are isolated from outsiders, that have no tradition of considering alternatives and that face a decision with high costs or failures. Examples of several group decisions at the international level can be cited as illustrations of groupthink phenomenon. These decisions turned out to be major failure.
The Vietnam War is an example. From 1964 to 1967, President Lyndon Johnson and his advisors in the US escalated the Vietnam War thinking that this would bring North Vietnam to the peace table. The escalation decisions were made despite warnings. The grossly miscalculated move resulted in the loss of 56,000 American and more than one million Vietnamese lives and created huge budget deficits.
Section F
Section F consists of 2 Case based questions of 3 marks each
Read the case and answer the questions that follow.
Individuals with illness anxiety disorder are overly concerned about undiagnosed disease, negative diagnostic results, do not respond to assurance by doctors, and are easily alarmed about illness such as on hearing about someone else’s ill-health or some such news. In general, both somatic symptom disorder and illness anxiety disorder are concerned with medical illnesses. But, the difference lies in the way this concern is expressed. In the case of somatic symptom disorder, this expression is in terms of physical complaints while in case of illness anxiety disorder, as the name suggests, it is the anxiety which is the main concern.
Question 31.
What do you understand by illness anxiety disorder? (1)
Answer:
Illness anxiety disorder involves persistent pre-occupation about developing a serious illness and constantly worrying about this possibility. This is accompanied by anxiety about one’s health.
Question 32.
Name the amnesia that is characterised by extensive but selective memory loss. (2)
Answer:
Dissociative amnesia is characterised by extensive but selective memory loss that has no known organic cause e.g., head injury. Some people cannot remember anything about their past.
Read the case and answer the questions that follow.
An individual intelligence test is one which can be administered to one person at a time. A group intelligence test can be administered to several persons simultaneously. Individual tests require the test administrator to establish a rapport with the subject and be sensitive to her/his feelings, moods and expressions during the testing session. Group tests, however, do not allow an opportunity to be familiar with the subjects’ feelings. Individual tests allow people to answer orally or in a written form or manipulate objects as per the tester’s instructions. Group tests generally seek written answers usually in a multiple-choice format.
Question 33.
What do you understand by an ‘Intelligence Test’? (1)
Answer:
An intelligence test can be defined those which are fully verbal, fully non-verbal or fully performance-based, or it may consist of a mixture of items from each category.
Question 34.
Write briefly about Raven’s Progressive Matrices Test.
Answer:
The Raven’s Progressive Matrices (RPM) Test is an assessment test designed to measure your non-verbal reasoning, abstract reasoning, and cognitive functioning. Raven’s Progressive Matrices Test is an example of a non-verbal test. In this test, the subject examines an incomplete pattern and chooses a figure from the alternatives that will complete the pattern.