Students must start practicing the questions from CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science with Solutions Set 9 are designed as per the revised syllabus.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Set 9 with Solutions
Time : 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 80
General Instructions
- Question paper comprises five Sections – A, B, C, D, and E. There are 37 questions in the question paper. All questions are compulsory.
- Section A – From question 1 to 20 are MCQs of 1 mark each.
- Section B – Question no. 21 to 24 are Very Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 2 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 40 words.
- Section C contains Q.25 to Q. 29 are Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 3 marks each, Answer to each question should not exceed 60 words
- Section D – Question no. 30 to 33 are long answer-type questions, carrying 5 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 120 words.
- Section E – Questions no. from 34 to 36 are case-based questions with three sub-questions and are of 4 marks each.
- Section F – Question no. 37 is map-based, carrying 5 marks with two parts, 37a from History (2 marks) and
37b from Geography (3 marks). - There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few questions. Only one of the choices in such questions have to be attempted
- In addition to this, separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever necessary.
Section A
Section A consists of 20 questions of 1 mark each
Question 1.
Which of the following incidents mobilised nationalist feelings among the educated elite class across Europe? (1)
(a) German Unification
(b) Greek War of Independence
(c) Unification of Italy
(d) Unification of Britain
Answer:
(b) Greek War of Independence
Question 2.
Which type of printing came to Europe after 1295 with the arrival of Marco Polo? (1)
(a) Handprint
(b) Stone print
(c) Woodblock print
(d) Limestone print
Answer:
(c) Woodblock print
Question 3.
Consider the following statements and choose the incorrect ones. (1)
I. In 1925, Ahuri Sitaram Raju was arrested ending a two years armed tribal struggle.
II. In 1932, the Poona Pact was signed between Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi.
III. In 1929, Lord Cornwallis announced a vague offer of ‘dominion status’ for India.
IV. In 1927, Federation of the Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industries (FICCI) was formed.
Codes
(a) I and III
(b) III and II
(c) II and IV
(d) I, II, and IV
Answer:
(a) I and III
Question 4.
In the given image, the courier of Rhineland loses all that he has on his way home from Leipzig. Study the picture and answer the question that follows. (1)
Who is represented as a postman? Identify from the given options.
(a) Napoleon Bonaparte
(b) Giuseppe Garibaldi
(c) Otto von Bismarck
(d) Giuseppe Mazzini
Answer:
(a) Napoleon Bonaparte
Question 5.
The tricolour flag had a spinning wheel in the center of a red, green, and white banner The red stripe was for Hindus and the green was for Muslims. The white band represented peace and the rest of the communities living in India. Who was the designer of this flag? (1)
(a) Abanindranath Tagore
(b) Rabindranath Tagore
(c) Mahatma Gandhi
(d) Natesa Sastri
Answer:
(c) Mahatma Gandhi
Question 6.
Priya listed down four statements while demonstrating the positive impacts of multi-purpose projects. As a student of social science, try to figure out the ambiguities in the research of Priva. (1)
Statement I Electricity generation is one of the objectives of multi-purpose projects. India generates approximately 22 percent
of its energy needs through this.
Statement II These projects also act as tourist attraction places where boating etc can be done by the people.
Statement III These projects provide controlled conditions for breeding of fish.
Statement IV These projects conserve soil by fastening the speed of river water.
Codes
(a) Only statement I is right
(b) Statement II and IV are right
(c) Statement I and III are right
(d) Only statement IV is right.
Answer:
(d) Only statement IV is right.
Question 7.
What percentage of land in India consists of fertile plains? (1)
(a) 38%
(b) 43%
(c) 46%
(d) 61%
Answer:
(b) 43%
Question 8.
Which among the following statements is/are correct about plantations? (1)
I. The plantations have a large area and they are usually found in areas of low population density of population.
II. it is capital intensive.
III. The plantation farming has been an agricultural practice primarily in tropical and sub-tropical regions.
Codes
(a) Only I
(b) On1 II
(c) Both II and III
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above
Question 9.
The famous Bcej Bachao Andolan took place in (1)
(a) Maharashtra
(b) Madhya Pradesh
(c) Uttarakhand
(d) Punjab
Answer:
(c) Uttarakhand
Question 10.
Identify the region/area of India with the help of the following information. (1)
The Central Government has special powers in running these areas.
These areas are too small to become an independent state.
(a) Towns
(b) Union Territories
(c) District
(d) City
Answer:
(b) Union Territories
Question 11.
The Badampahar mine in Mayurbhanj and Kendujhar district is situated in which of the following Indian states?
(a) Karnataka
(b) Odisha
(c) Chhattisgarh
(d) Jharkhand
Answer:
(b) Odisha
Question 12.
What is the main difference between a federal form of government and a unitary one? (1)
I. In the federal form of government, the powers are divided between the Central Government and State Governments. Both levels have their areas of jurisdiction. On the other hand, in a unitary form of government, the National Government has all the powers.
Any constitutional power given to the states or regions of the country is dependent on the National Government.
II. In a federal system, a State Government has powers of its own for which it is not answerable to the Central Government.
On the other hand, in a unitary system, the State Government does not have power of its own.
Codes
(a) Only I
(b) Only II
(c) Neither I nor II
(d) Both I and II
Answer:
(d) Both I and II
Question 13.
Consider the following statements regarding the current ruling party of India ‘Bharatiya Janata party’. (1)
I. The party wants to ban religious conversions and promotes anti-conversion law to stop religious conversion in the country.
II. The party wants full territorial and political integration of Tibet with India.
III. Cultural nationalism or Hindutva is an important element in BJP’s conception of Indian nationhood and politics.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
Codes
(a) I, II and III
(b) Only I
(c) Both I and III
(d) Both II and III
Answer:
(c) Both I and III
Question 14.
Australia is an example of which type of federation? (1)
(a) Holding-together
(b) Coming-together
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(b) Coming-together
Question 15.
According to the Human Development Report of UNDP, 2018, the HDI ranking of countries are mentioned below. (1)
Country | Rank |
Sri Lanka | 78 |
India | 120 |
Pakistan | 150 |
Nepal | 149 |
Why Sri Lanka has a better rank than India in Human Development Report of 2018?
Choose the correct option from the following.
(a) The per capita income of Sri Lanka is higher than in India.
(b) Sn Lanka has low population as compared to India.
(c) The literacy ratio i.e. enrollment ratio in all levels of schools in Sri Lanka is comparatively better than India.
(d) Both (a) and (c)
Answer:
(d) Both (a) and (c)
Question 16.
Read the given data and calculate the average income of the family. (1)
Member 1 | Member 2 | Member 3 | Member 4 | |
Income (in ₹) | 7000 | 8000 | 10000 | 15000 |
(a) 8000
(b) 9000
(c) 10000
(d) 12000
Answer:
(c) 10000
Question 17.
Which of the following term is defined as the average expected length of life of a person at the time of the birth? (1)
(a) Birth rate
(b) Life expectancy
(c) Life span
(d) Mortality rate
Answer:
(b) Life expectancy
Question 18.
Which among the following activities can be included in the primary sector?
(a) Giving loans to the farmer.
(b) Providing storage ci1ity for the grains.
(c) Cultivating sugarcane.
(d) Making sugar from sugarcane.
Answer:
(c) Cultivating sugarcane.
Question 19.
Identify the sector of the economy with the help of given information. (1)
It covers activities in which primary goods are used to produce some other commodity.
This sector mainly includes services such as manufacturing, construction, gas, water electricity supply, etc.
It produces more than half of the total by country’s output.
The employees of this sector are less than half of the working population
(a) Primary sector
(b) Secondary sector
(c) Tertiary sector
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Secondary sector
Question 20.
Identify the term which is used for the average income of a person. (1)
(a) Total Income
(b) Per Capita Income
(c) Gross Income
(d) National Income
Answer:
(b) Per Capita Income
Section B
Section B consists of 4 questions of 2 marks each
Question 21.
Study the map thoroughly, mention any one mineral which is found in the highlighted region. (2)
Answer:
Gaya district is mainly known for deposits of Mica. It is also found in Jamui, Bhagalpur and Munge districts. Bihar comes in the third position with an estimated production of 3,381 tonnes of mica.
Question 22.
Comment on the Gandhiji’s idea of satyagraha with an example of any regional movements organised by him. (2)
Answer:
Gandhiji’s method of movement and protest based on truth and non-violence was known as satyagraha. The idea of satyagraha emphasised on the power of he truth. As per Gandhiji without being aggressive a satyagrahi could win the battle through non-violence.
One such example of his satyagraha movement was witnessed in 1918 when he went to Ahmedabad to resolve the issue of cotton mill workers.
Question 23.
Name the national political party which espouses secularism and welfare of weaker sections and minorities. Mention any two features of that party. (1)
Answer:
The national political party which espouses secularism and welfare of weaker sections and minorities is the Indian National Congress.
- The features of this party are listed below
- It was founded in 1885.
- It dominated Indian politics, both at the national and state levels, tor several decades after Indias independence.
Question 24.
Kerala, with lower per capita income, has a better human development ranking than Maharashtra. Hence, the per capita income is not a useful criterion at all and should not be used to compare states. Do you agree? Discuss. (2)
Or
What are the main indicators of economic development? (2)
Answer:
No, I do not agree that mean income or per capita income should not be used to compare states. However, other factors like Infant Mortality Rate. Literacy Rate and Net Attendance Ratio are also very crucial for overall human development. With keeping these factors in mind along with per capita income, Kerala is better than Maharashtra
Or
Economic development can be measured and assessed through various indicators, like GDP is often used as a primary indicator of economic development and growth. It is the total value of all goods and services produced within a country’s borders in a specific period.
Per capita income is the average income earned per person in a country. It provides an indication of the average standard of living and can be used to compare living standards across different countries
Section C
Section C consists of 5 questions of 3 marks each
Question 25.
Analyse the data properly and answer the following questions. (1.5+ 1.5)
(i) By reading the data carefully, find out which country is at the top and which is at the bottom?
(ii) What is the main criterion used by the World Bank in classifying different countries?
Answer:
(i) Data Top (Country) Bottom (Country)
- Per Capita Income Sri Lanka Nepal
- Lite Expectancy at Birth Sri Lanka Pakistan
- HDI Rank in the World Sri Lanka Pakistan
(ii) The World Bank uses the criterion of per capita income for classifying counties. Countries with income of US $ 2500 or less were classified as low per capita income countries. Countries with per capita income US $ 49,300 per annum and above in 2019 are classified as high-income countries.
Question 26.
Mention the main contents of Indian National Congress in December 1929 held under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru. (3)
Answer:
The main contents of Indian National Congress in December 1929 held under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru were
The Lahore Session of the Congress in 1929 is called the historical session. At this session, the Congress President Jawaharlal Nehru passed a resolution declaring ‘Poorna Swaraj in December 1929. In 1929, Viceroy Lord Irwin announced an uncertain otter of ‘Dominion status’ to India and a Round Table Conference to discuss a future Constitution. The expectations of the Congress were not met by this announcement.
At that time, liberals and moderates in Congress lost their influence, and radicals like Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhash Chandra Bose became more assertive in Congress. After declaring Poorna Swaraj’ or complete independence, the Congress declared 26th
January 1930 as the Independence Day.
Question 27.
Briefly explain how caste inequalities are still prevailing in India. (3)
Or
What is secularism? Mention any two provisions of the Indian Constitution which makes it a secular state. (1+ 2)
Answer:
Caste inequalities are still prevailing in India. This can be clear by looking at the following facts
According to the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO). the average economic status of caste groups in India still remains the same as was in the past. Most of the rich section belongs to higher castes while people of lower castes are generally poor. Despite the Constitutional prohibition. many people are still considered as untouchables in the country. Even now most people marry within their own caste or tribe Political parties often field their candidates in constituency according to the caste prevailing in that constituency. people also tend to vote on the caste lines.
Or
Secularism means all religions are given the same respect and there is no state religion.
Two provisions of the Indian Constitution which makes it a secular state are
(i) No religion has a special status.
(ii) Freedom to practice, profess, and propagate one’s religion is allowed by the Constitution.
Question 28.
Give a brief description of the forest cover in India. (3)
Answer:
As per India State of Report 2021, India’s forest cover is now 7,13,789 square kilometers (21.71% of the country’s geographical area) which is an increase from 67% in 2019. Tree cover has increased by 721 sq km. The states that have shown the highest increase in forest cover are Telangana (3.07%), Andhra Pradesh (2.22%) and Odisha (1.04). Five states in the northeast have shown a loss in forest cover which are Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Nagaland. Area-wise, Madhya Pradesh has the largest forest cover in the country follwed by Arunachal Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, and Maharashtra.
Question 29.
Name the national political party which gets inspiration from India’s ancient culture and values. Mention four features of that
party. (1+2)
Answer:
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) founded in 1980 draws inspiration from India’s ancient culture and values. Features of Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) are Cultural Nationalism (Hindutva) is an important element in its conception of Indian nationhood and politics. They focused on full territorial and political integration of Jammu and Kashmir with India. They want a uniform civil code for all people living in the country irrespective of religion and ban on religious conversions. BJP was earlier limited to North and West and to urban areas, the party expanded support in the South-East. the North-East and rural areas.
Section D
Section D consists of 4 questions of 5 marks each
Question 30.
Write a precise note on the following. (2.5 +2.5)
(i) Peasant Movement in Awadh
(ii) Tribal Movements in Gudem Hills region
Or
(i) Highlight the role of poor peasantry in the Civil Disobedience Movement.
(ii) Comment on the role of merchants and industrialists in the Civil Disobedience Movement. (2.5+2.5)
Answer:
(i) In Awadh, the peasant movement developed under the leadership of Baba Ramchandra (a Sanyasi who had earlier been a Fiji as an indentured labourer). This peasant movement demanded reduction of revenue, abolition of beggars and social boycott of oppressive landlords. In many places, nai-dhobi bandhs were organised by Panchayats to deny services to all landlords.
In October, 1920, the Oudh Kisan Sabha was set-up. It was headed by Jawaharlal Nehru, Baba Ramchandra, and a few others. Within a month, over 300 branches of this sabha had been set up in the villages around the region. As the peasant movement spread, the houses of taluqdars (Indian landholders) and merchants were attacked, bazaars were looted and grain hoards were taken over.
(ii) In the Gudem hills of Andhra Pradesh, for instance, militant Guerrilla Movements spread in the early 1920’s. It was not a form of struggle that the Congress could approve. During that time, in the forest regions, the colonial government had closed large forest areas, preventing people from entering the forests to graze their cattle or to collect fuel wood and fruits. This enraged the hill people.
This affected their livelihoods as well as they felt that their traditional rights were being denied to them. When the government began forcing them to contribute beggar for road building, the hill people revolted. The person who came to lead them was Alluri Sitaram Raju. He was inspired by the Non-Cooperation Movement and persuaded people to wear khadi and give up drinking.
On the other hand, he asserted that India could be liberated only by the use of force, not non-violence. The Gudem rebels attacked police stations, attempted to kill British officials, and carried on Guerrilla warfare for achieving Swaraj.
Or
(i) The role of poor peasantry in the Civil Disobedience Movement was As the economic depression continued the poor peasants found it difficult to pay the rent. They wanted the unpaid rent to the landlord to be remitted. Thus, they joined a variety of radical movements, often by socialists and communists.
They came in huge numbers to support Gandhiji and his followers. It was because of them that the Civil Disobedience Movement could become a Mass Movement.
They launched a ‘no rent’ campaign but it was not supported by the Congress. So, the relationship between the poor peasant and Congress remained uncertain.
(ii) The role of merchants and the industrialists in the Civil Disobedience Movement was They became powerful in society and wanted to expand their business. So, they started opposing colonial policies that restricted their business. They wanted protection against imports of foreign goods and a rupee-sterling foreign exchange ratio that would discourage imports.
The industrialists criticized colonial control over the Indian economy and supported the Civil Disobedience Movement at its first stage. Most industrialists thought of ‘Swaraj’ as a time when colonial restrictions did not exist in the business world. As a result, trade and business would flourish without constraints. They gave financial assistance and refused to buy or sell imported goods.
Question 31.
Suggest any five measures to make formal sector beneficial for poor farmers and workers. (5)
Or
Gautam is a farmer who take a loan from a moneylender to do farming on his land. In collateral, the moneylender ask Gaurav for his land. Why do lenders ask for collateral while lending? How the terms of credit becomes difficult for the small and marginal farmers? (3+2)
Answer:
The measures to make formal sector loans beneficial for poor farmers and workers are
- The formal sector like banks and cooperatives should lend more to poor people and workers, particularly in rural areas.
- The formal sector should provide cheap and affordable credit to the poor people so that repayment ¡s easy.
- Formal sector should work out other ways of arranging collateral from the poor people.
- By providing linkage between Self Help Groups and banks, the formal sector of credit can be increased.
- There should be more cooperatives and banks in rural areas and people should be made aware of their presence.
Or
The lenders ask for collateral while lending due to the following reasons
Collateral is an asset that the borrower owns and uses as a guarantee to a lender until the loan is repaid. Lenders ask for collateral as a security against loans. If the borrower fails to repay the loan, the lender has the right to sell the asset or collateral to obtain the amount. For a bank in case of taking collateral, the repayment of the loan becomes easy because banks has no risk of non-performing assets.
The terms of credit becomes difficult for the small and marginal farmers because
They are not capable of providing the collateral such as land titles, deposits with banks, livestock, etc.
The terms of credit includes interest rate, collateral, documentation and the mode of repayment. They vary substantially from one credit arrangement to another depending on the nature of the lender and the borrower.
Question 32.
How is democracy a better form of government in comparison with other forms of governments? Explain. (5)
Or
Democracy is not considered very successful in reducing inequalities. Explain the statement in brief. (5)
Answer:
Democracy is undoubtedly better than other forms of government. We can give the following arguments in its favour Democracy improves the quality of decision-making. Democracy is based on consultation and discussion.
A democratic decision always involves many persons, discussions, and meetings. When a number of people put their head together, they are able to point out possible mistakes in my decisions. This takes time but there is a big advantage ¡n taking time over important decisions. This reduces the chances of rash or irresponsible decisions.
Democracy provides a method to deal with differences and conflicts. In any society, people are bound to have differences of opinions and interests. These differences are particularly sharp in a country like ours which has an amasing social diversity.
People belong to different regions, speak different languages, practice different religions and have different castes. They look at the world differently and have different preferences. The preferences of one group can clash with those of other groups.
This conflict can be solved peacefully in a democratic set-up. In democracy, no one is a permanent winner, no one is a permanent loser. Different groups can live with one another peacefully.
Or
In actual life, democracies do not appear to be very successful in reducing economic inequalities. This can be justified in the following ways Democracy does not guarantee economic development. In most of the democracies, a small number of ultra-rich enjoy a highly disproportionate share of wealth and income. For example, countries like South Africa and Brazil, the top 20% of people take away more than 60% of the national income.
Unfortunately, those who are at the bottom of the society have a very little share (less than 3%) to depend upon. In India, the Elected Government looks reluctant to take necessary stage or the upliftment of the large section of poor in our society.
In Bangladesh, more than half of its population lives in poverty. People in several poor countries are now dependent on the new countries even for food supplies.
Question 33.
“Roadways still have an edge over railways in India”. Give reasons. (5)
Or
Describe any five points of importance of mass communication. (5)
Answer:
Roadways still have an edge over railways in India because of the following reasons
- Construction cost of roadways is much lower than that of railways.
- Roads can traverse comparatively more dissecting and undulating plains.
- Roads can negotiate higher gradients of slopes and can traverse mountains like Himalayas.
- Road transport is economical in transportation of few persons and small amount of goods over short distances.
- It also provides door to door services.
- Cost of loading and unloading is much lower.
- Road transport is also used as a feeder to other modes of transport such as they provide link between railway station, airports and seaports.
Or
Importance of mass communication is discussed as follows
Mass communication is required to spread the flow of information upto the grassroots level. Therefore, government has made special provisions to extend 24 hours STD facility to every village in the country.
All India Radio (Akashwani) broadcasts a variety of programmes in national, regional, and local languages for various categories of people spread over different parts of the country.
Doordarshan broadcasts a variety of programmes for entertainment, educational programmes to sports, etc for people of different age groups. India publishes a large number of newspapers and periodicals annually for providing information.
India is the largest producer of feature films in the world. It produces short films, video feature films and video short films for entertainment.
Section E
Section E consists of 3 Case-based questions of 4 marks each
Question 34.
Read the given extract and answer the following questions. Tea cultivation is an example of plantation agriculture. It is also an important beverage crop introduced in India initially by the British. Today, most of the tea plantations are owned by Indians. The tea plant grows well in tropical and sub-tropical climates endowed with deep and fertile well-drained soil, rich in humus and organic matter. Tea bushes require warm and moist frost-free climate all through the year. Frequent showers evenly distributed over the year ensure continuous growth of tender leaves.
Tea is a labour-intensive industry. It requires abundant cheap and skilled labour. Tea is processed within the tea garden to restore its freshness. Major tea-producing states are Assam, Hills of Darjeeling and Jalpaiguri districts, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Kerala. Apart from these, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Meghalaya, Andhra Pradesh and Tripura are also tea-producing states in the country. In 2015, India was the second largest producer of tea after China.
(i) Who is responsible for introducing tea cultivation in India? What are the required climatic conditions for tea plantations? (1+1)
(ii) State any two advantages of tea industry in Indian economy. (2)
Answer:
(i) British Government was responsible for introducing tea cultivation In India. Tea requires well-drained soil with high amount of organic matter and pH of 4.5 to 5.5. The performance of tea is excellent at elevations ranging from 1000-2500 m. Optimum temperature is 20-27°C. The nursery soil should be well-drained and deep loam in nature with a pH of 4.5 to 4.8.
(ii) The two advantages of Tea Industry in Indian economy are India is among the top 5 tea exporters in the world making about 10% of the total exports. In the year 2021, the total value of tea exports from India was around US$ 687.9 million. Indian Assam, Darjeeling, and Nilgiri tea are considered one of the finest in the world.
Tea is one of the most important cash crops and plays a significant role in rural development, poverty reduction, and food security in exporting and developing countries It is a principal source of livelihood for millions of smallholder producers.
Question 35.
Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow. Another important feature of the Civil Disobedience Movement was the large-scale participation of women. During Gandhi’s Salt March, thousands of women came out of their homes to listen to him. They participated in protest marches, manufactured salt, and picketed foreign cloth and liquor shops. Many went to jail. In urban areas, these women were from high-caste families. In rural areas, they came from rich peasant households moved by Gandhiji’s call, they began to see service to the nation as a sacred duty of women.
Gandhiji was convinced that it was the duty of women to look after home and heart, be good mothers and good wives, and for a long time, the Congress was reluctant to allow women to hold any position of authority within the organisation. It was keen only on their symbolic presence.
(i) When did Gandhiji initiate a movement in Champaran in Bihar against the oppressive indigo plantation system? (1)
(ii) What was the reason behind launching the Civil Disobedience Movement? (1)
(iii) State any two impacts of the Civil Disobedience Movement. (2)
Answer:
(i) In 1916, Gandhiji initiated a movement in Champaran in Bihar against the oppressive indigo plantation system.
(ii) Mahatma Gandhiji launched the Civil Disobedience Movement because Lord Irwin ignored Gandhi’s eleven demands including the abolition of the salt tax. Gandhi ji started a Civil Disobedience Movement with the famous Dandi March.
(iii) Two impacts of the Civil Disobedience Movement were
Women and students participated in large numbers in this movement, which was a liberating experience for Indian women who were entering public space in such large numbers for the first time. Due to this movement, women started playing an active role in India’s political movements.
The Civil Disobedience Movement had a far-reaching impact. It instilled distrust in the British government and laid the groundwork for the freedom struggle, as well as popularising new methods of propaganda.
Question 36.
Read the given extract and answer the following questions. Over the forty years between 1973-74 and 2013-14, while production in all the three sectors has increased, it has increased the most in the tertiary sector As a result, in the year 2013-14, the tertiary sector has emerged as the largest producing sector in India replacing the primary sector. Why is the tertiary sector becoming so important in India? There could be several reasons. First, in any country, several services such as hospitals, educational institutions, post and telegraph services, police stations, courts, village administrative offices, municipal corporations, defence transport, banks, insurance companies, etc, are required. These can be considered as basic services.
In a developing country the government has to take responsibility for the provision of these services. Second, the development of agriculture and industry leads to the development of services such as transport, trade, storage and the like, as we have already seen.
Greater the development of the primary and secondary sectors, more would be the demand for such services. Third as income levels rise, certain sections of people start demanding many more services like eating out, tourism, shopping, private hospitals, private schools, professional training, etc, You can see this change quite sharply in cities, especially in big cities. Fourth, over the past decade or so certain new services such as those based on Information and Communication Technology have become important and essential, The production of these services has been rising rapidly.
(i) What do you understand about the primary sector of an economy? (1)
(ii) What is the reason behind shift in the labour force from primary sector to secondary and tertiary sectors? (2)
(iii) Briefly define the differences between primary and tertiary sector. (1)
Answer:
(i) Primary sector (or agriculture sector) includes all those economic activities which are connected with extraction and production of natural resources.
(ii) As the economy grows, there is a shift in the labour force from primary sector to secondary and tertiary sectors. This takes place due to following reasons Increase in demand for goods and services produced by secondary and tertiary sectors. Improved techniques of production in agriculture, leading to less need for human resources in that area.
(iii) Primary sector (or agriculture sector) includes all those economic activities which are connected with extraction and production of natural resources.
On the other hand, tertiary sector (or service sector) is concerned with providing support services to the primary and secondary sector and includes transport, banking, insurance, warehousing, communication, advertising, etc.
Section F
Section F consists of Map based question of 5 marks
Question 37.
(a) Two places A and B are marked on the given outline map of India. Identify them and write their correct names on the
lines drawn near them. (2)
A. The place associated with the cotton mill’s worker’s satyagraha
B. The place where an incident occurred due to which Mahatma Gandhi called off the Non-Cooperation Movement.
(b) On the same outline map of India, locate and label any three of the following with suitable symbols. (3)
(i) A dam in Rajasthan
(ii) Namrup Nuclear Power Plant
(iii) A Software Technology Park in Uttar Pradesh
(iv) A seaport in West Bengal
Answer: