Biomolecules Class 12 Notes Chemistry Chapter 14 1. Carbohydrates is a class of compounds that include polyhydric aldehydes and ketones and large number of other polymeric molecules that yield these on hydrolysis, e.g., sugars, glycogen, cellulose, starch, etc. 2. Depending upon their behaviour on hydrolysis, carbohydrates are further divided into three types: Monosaccharides … [Read more...]
The p-Block Elements Class 12 Notes Chemistry Chapter 7
The p-Block Elements Class 12 Notes Chemistry Chapter 7 I Group 15 Elements: The Nitrogen Family 1. In group 15 of the Periodic Table, the elements, nitrogen (7N), phosphorus (15P), arsenic (33As), antimony (51Sb) and bismuth (83Bi) are present. 2. (a) The elements of this group can exhibit various oxidation states ranging between -3 to+ 5. (b) Maximum covalency of Nitrogen … [Read more...]
Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids Class 12 Notes Chemistry Chapter 12
Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids Class 12 Notes Chemistry Chapter 12 1. The classes of organic compounds containing carbonyl group (CO) as the functional group are aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and their derivates. These are collectively called carbonyl compounds. 2. Nature of carbonyl group: Oxygen atom in carbonyl group is far more electronegative than carbon … [Read more...]
Chemical Kinetics Class 12 Notes Chemistry Chapter 4
Chemical Kinetics Class 12 Notes Chemistry Chapter 4 1. Chemical kinetics is the branch of chemistry which deals with the study of rates (or fastness) of chemical reactions, the factors affecting it and the mechanism by which the reactions proceed. 2. Rate of reaction is the change in concentration of reactants or products per unit time. For a general reaction, A+B --> … [Read more...]
Coordination Compounds Class 12 Notes Chemistry Chapter 9
Coordination Compounds Class 12 Notes Chemistry Chapter 9 1. Coordination compounds contain a central atom (or cation) which is coordinated to a suitable number of anions or neutral molecules and usually retain their identity in solution as well as in solid state. These may be a positively charged, negatively charged or a neutral species, [Co(NH3)6]3+, [NiCl4]2-, [Ni(CO)4] … [Read more...]